Farmers are sometimes “land wealthy, money poor.” Those that want nursing house care might need to promote or break up their farm to pay for it.
This story was supported by the Pulitzer Heart on Disaster Reporting.
SCOTT DETROW, HOST:
This week on NPR, we’re bringing you tales about rural well being look after senior residents. And right now, we’re speaking about farmers in North Dakota. Now, most individuals will want long-term care sooner or later of their life. Meaning assist with bathing, dressing or utilizing the toilet. And that sort of assist is pricey. It’s particularly powerful for getting older farmers who wish to afford well being care with out it costing their farm. And that’s the reason some consultants say long-term care prices are a giant risk to small household farms. Becoming a member of us now could be NPR’s Juliana Kim, who met with farmers in North Dakota. Hey there.
JULIANA KIM, BYLINE: Hello there.
DETROW: So why is the price of long-term care such a risk to farmers particularly?
KIM: Lengthy-term care may be actually costly, and it is usually not lined by Medicare. And that places farmers who want nursing house care in a bind, the place they may need to promote or break up their farm to pay for it. And that is not straightforward, particularly for these whose farms have been of their household for generations.
SHERWOOD HAAKENSON: I farmed with my dad till he retired, after which I took it over.
KIM: That is Sherwood Haakenson from Willow Metropolis, N.D. He farmed all his life on the land that his great-great-grandfather homesteaded in 1890. I met him at a care middle in a neighboring metropolis.
DETROW: Why was he there?
KIM: Sherwood wanted 24-hour supervision for his coronary heart and kidney points. The workers took excellent care of him and gave him firm, being away from his spouse and cat. However again at house, his spouse, Cindie, was actually careworn about how they may hold affording his care.
CINDIE: We acquired farm land that we personal. We might promote, however, you realize, it is like giving freely a part of your legacy.
KIM: The issue for many small household farmers is that they are land-rich, cash-poor, which means they do not have tens of 1000’s of {dollars} mendacity round.
DETROW: Proper. So how did the individuals that you simply talked to provide you with the money they wanted, then?
KIM: They could promote their livestock or equipment, however that solely will get them to this point. So some farmers apply for Medicaid, the federal insurance coverage program for the poor and aged. And now it is somewhat completely different in every state, however usually, to be eligible, seniors have to empty their belongings. And for farmers, meaning their land.
DETROW: I imply, it is a dynamic that is actually powerful for lots of people in a whole lot of walks of life, however let’s simply underscore this. When you’re a farmer, you possibly can’t personal land anymore with the intention to apply for Medicaid?
KIM: Proper. Now, some farmers work round that by transferring their land into an irrevocable belief and naming their kids as beneficiaries. However in North Dakota and in most states, it nonetheless takes 5 years from the applying date earlier than Medicaid pays for long-term care. After I met Sherwood and Cindie, that they had already organized to switch their farm land to their kids, however they have been nonetheless inside that five-year lookback interval, in order that they did not get any help.
DETROW: I imply, that could be a actually very long time. Farmers need to plan that far upfront?
KIM: Yeah. I imply, if they do not plan forward and find yourself at a nursing house, they may have to dump their land. I’ll say most farmers can afford three years or so of care earlier than it will get to that, but it surely’s nonetheless a giant concern nearly each small farmer has.
DETROW: Let’s return to the particular person we heard from the highest, Sherwood. What did he and his spouse, Cindie, find yourself doing?
KIM: Cindie was going to promote their pickup truck, however then two months after I visited, Sherwood died. And so now whilst she mourns her husband’s dying, Cindie continues to be working to guard their farm. She says so long as she stays wholesome for the subsequent two years till Medicaid kicks in, the land can keep of their household.
DETROW: That’s NPR’s Juliana Kim. Thanks a lot.
KIM: Thanks.
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